Pukana 10: Pepa Kākoʻo (Episode 10: Support Sheet)

Transcription

1 Pukana 10: Pepa Kākoʻo (Episode 10: Support Sheet) Nā Haʻawina Nui: (Main Lessons) 1. Pepeke ʻAike ʻO 2. Calendar use with ʻAike ʻO PEPEKE ʻAIKE ʻO Pepeke ʻAike ʻO is used to speak specifically to which one something is. Pepeka ʻAike ʻO would be used when translating sentences that include these phrases: is the, are the, am the. When using Pepeke ʻAike ʻO to specifically describe something, you do the following: ʻO is always in the beginning in the poʻo, followed by the word that describes the thing that is being talked about. The piko follows the poʻo with the thing further being described. For example: This is the boy. POʻO PIKO ʻO kēia ke keiki kāne. Pepeke ʻAike ʻO is used with names. For example: What is your name? POʻO PIKO ʻO wai kou inoa? The response is: My name is. POʻO ʻO PIKO koʻu inoa. Pepeke ʻAike ʻO also relates to place names: For example: What is the name of this place? POʻO PIKO ʻO wai ka inoa o kēia wahi? The response is: The name of this place is Heʻeia. POʻO ʻO wai PIKO ka inoa o kēia wahi. ʻaoʻao 1 o 14

2 Pukana 10: Pepa Kākoʻo (Episode 10: Support Sheet) A point of confusion between Pepeke ʻAike He and ʻAike ʻO are questions beginning with what. It is important to always remember the context in which you are asking the question, rather than a literal translation. NOTE: ʻAike He would be used for a question like: What is this? - because the answer usually is - This is a. ʻAike ʻO would be used for a question like: What is your name? - because the answer is- My name is. NOT- My name is a. Although both questions in English begin with what, they mean two different things in Hawaiian. Remember that: Pepeke ʻAike He is used when translating sentences including these phrases: is a, are a, am a. Pepeke ʻAike ʻO is used when further describing what something is. For example: What is the boy? Pepeke ʻAike He: The boy is a student He haumāna ke keiki kāne He is a student He haumāna ʻo ia Pekeke ʻAike ʻO: The boy is my student ʻO ke keikikāne kaʻu haumāna The boy is the student ʻO ke keiki kāne ka haumāna ʻaoʻao 2 o 14

3 Pukana 10: Pepa Kākoʻo (Episode 10: Support Sheet) Unlike mentioning the amount of something, Pepeke ʻAike ʻO is used for numerical order/sequence, dates and time. For now, we will focus on dates. For example: Today s date is the fourth. POʻO PIKO ʻO ka lā ʻehā kēia. When doing the translation for this type of structure, you sometimes have to restructure the English sentence and look at what is being talked about. todays date is the thing further being described. the fourth are the words describing the thing being talked about. Weekdays and months are also listed in the Huaʻōlelo section for further use of the Pepeke ʻAike ʻO with dates. Below are examples of how to ask and respond to questions about the months of the year and days of the week. What month is this?: ʻO wai kēia mahina? This month is March.: ʻO Malaki kēia mahina. What day of the week is it?: ʻO ka Poʻahia kēia? Today is Wednesday.: ʻO ka Poʻakolu kēia. ʻaoʻao 3 o 14

4 Pukana 10: Pepa Kākoʻo (Episode 10: Support Sheet) There are two types of calendars used in the Hawaiian community; one being the roman calendar using days of the 7 week period in a 12 month year, the other being the Hawaiian moon calendar which counts the days according to the moon phase. ROMAN CALENDAR: When stating the days of the week and month (including dates of the month), follow the same structure for regular ʻAike ʻO sentences. For example: Today is Saturday. POʻO ʻO ka Poʻaono PIKO Kēia. This month is May. POʻO PIKO ʻO Mei kēia mahina. Today is the third of September. POʻO PIKO ʻO ka lā ʻekolu kēia o Kepakemapa. This is the last Friday of January. POʻO ʻO ka Poʻalima hope PIKO kēia o Ianuali. This is the first Wednesday of August. POʻO PIKO ʻO ka Poʻakolu mua kēia o ʻAukake. ʻaoʻao 4 o 14

5 Pukana 10: Pepa Kākoʻo (Episode 10: Support Sheet) Papa Huaʻōlelo (Word List) NOTE: Many of the English equivalents given are just one of several or many. Use the Hawaiian Dictionary as well as Māmaka Kaiao or visit wehewehe.org, an online collection of Hawaiian dictionaries, for complete references. For those who purchased the textbook Nā Kai ʻEwalu, there are detailed word lists in each chapter. ka papa heʻe nalu surfboard ka waʻa canoe ka mahina month ka malama month ka pō night/ also used for Hawaiian moon phase when naming each night Ianuali January Pepeluali February Malaki March ʻApelila April Mei May Iune June Iulai July ʻAukake August Kepakemapa September ʻOkakopa October Nowemapa November Kēkēmapa December ka makahiki year ka ʻalemanaka calendar ka Poʻakahi Monday ka Poʻalua Tuesday ka Poʻakolu Wednesday ka Poʻahā Thursday ka Poʻalima Friday ka Poʻaʻono Saturday ka Lāpule Sunday ke Kalikimaka Christmas ka makahiki hou new year ka Hāʻule Lau Fall ke Kupulau Spring ke Kauwela Summer ka Hoʻoilo Winter ka hānau to be born/ to give birth ka lā hānau birthday ka pōhaku rock ka pōhaku kuʻi ʻai taro pounder (rock pounder) also known as poi pounder ka papa kuʻi ʻai ke kaʻe ka mole ka pōheoheo ke kūʻau ke kaʻele ka hoʻopēpē ke kūlepe ke kahi ke kohā ka poi ka paʻiʻai taro pounding board rim (also referenced to the rim of the pounding rock when pounding taro. Also the rim of the pounding board when pounding taro) bottom part of rock pounder top handle of the poi pounder the handle part of the poi pounder the inside of the pounding board to crush, to smash the taro to fold/flap over to scrape; to run the fingers along the side of a poi bowl so as to remove poi clinging to the side. a slapping sound (like the crack of a whip) caused by the pounding of taro with the poi pounder. cooked from taro corms, or rarely breadfruit, pounded and thinnned with water cooked from taro corms, or rarely breadfruit, pounded but not thinned. ʻaoʻao 5 o 14

6 Pukana 10: Pepa Kākoʻo (Episode 10: Support Sheet) Nā ʻŌlelo Pōkole (Short Phrases) [not necessarily part of haʻawina, but characters use them freely.] He aha kēia? He ʻalani kēlā ma ʻō. He ʻehiku maiʻa ma ʻō. ʻAʻohe ʻalani ma ʻaneʻi. Hoʻokahi maiʻa ma ʻaneʻi. He Hawaiʻi au. He makuakāne ʻo ia. He makuakāne ʻo Pōmaikaʻi. He Hawaiʻi kākou. He aha kēnā mea kanu ma laila? ʻEhia papa heʻe nalu? ʻElua papa heʻe nalu ma ka hale. ʻO wai kou inoa? ʻO Pōmaikaʻi koʻu inoa. ʻO wai kēia malama? ʻO Welo kēia malama. ʻO wai kēia pō? ʻO Hilo kēia pō. ʻO ka Poʻahia kēia? ʻO ka Poʻalua kēia. ʻO ka lā ʻehia kēia? What is this? That over there is an orange. There are seven bananas over there. There are no oranges here. There is one banana here. I am a Hawaiian. He is a father. Pōmaikaʻi is a father. We are (all) Hawaiians. What is that plant there? How many surfboards? There are two surfboards at the house. What is your name? My name is Pōmaikaʻi. What is this month? This month is Welo. What is this night? This night is Hilo. What say of the week is this? This is Tuesday. ʻO ka lā 20 kēia. Today is the 20 th. ʻO ka lā ʻehia kou lā hānau? What day is today?/ What is today s date? What day is your birthday. ʻO ka lā 17 o ʻApelila koʻu lā hānau. My birthday is April 17 th. ʻO ka lā ʻehia ka lā Kalikimaka? ʻO ka lā 25 ka lā Kalikimaka. What day is Christmas day? The 25 th is Christmas day. ʻO ka lā ʻehia ka Poʻakolu hope o kēia mahina? What day is the last Friday of this month? ʻO ka lā 28 ka Poʻakolu hope o kēia mahina. The 28 th is the last Wednesday of this month. ʻaoʻao 6 o 14

7 Nā Kaʻi KA me KE Write down the correct kaʻi ka or ke before each word and the English translation after each word. 1. ka lā hānau: 2. Lāpule: 3. ka lā: 4. hoʻopēpē: 5. heʻe nalu: ʻŌlelo Pōkole Translate the following phrases. 1. There are no oranges here. 2. This month is Welo. 3. What is that plant there? 4. What is this night? REVIEW Nā Kaʻi & Pluralizing Practice translating the following sentences, and pluralizing them in Hawaiian. For example: This paper is white. Keʻokeʻo kēia pepa: Keʻokeʻo kēia mau pepa. 1. The house over here is big. : 2. This girl is very pretty. : 3. That dog over there is small. : 4. The kid is happy. : NĀ PAPANI Practice translating the following sentences into Hawaiian using the correct papani and māka painu. 1. The two of us (me and her) are going to go. 2. The three of them are singing. 3. All of us saw the girl. 4. You two are going to surf. 5. The two of them went to school. ʻaoʻao 7 o 14

8 Practice counting people with papani. With the context information below, fill in the appropriate response. Begin with the number and follow with the correct papani. You are in a room with 3 wāhine and 2 kāne (one being you). The other kāne is wearing blue, you are wearing green. 1 wahine is wearing blue and the other 2 wāhine are wearing green. 1. The kāne wearing blue asks you: How many people are wearing blue? YOUR RESPONSE: 2. One of the wāhine wearing green asks you: How many people are wearing green? YOUR RESPONSE: 3. The kāne wearing blue asks you: How many kāne are in the room? YOUR RESPONSE: 4. One wahine asks you: How many kāne are in the room? YOUR RESPONSE: MA ʻANEʻI, MA ʻŌ, MA LAILA Practice identifying these three spacial references. Use ma ʻaneʻi, ma ʻō or ma laila when translating the following sentences. 1. The house over here is pretty.: 2. I m looking at the picture there.: 3. The girl is going to sing here.: 4. Kawehi stayed here.: REVIEW Translate the following sentences using the proper kaʻi, māka painu, papani, and spacial markers. 1. We are all going to pound the taro over there. 2. Kawena surfed here on Saturday. 3. The boy is going to the birthday party. 4. Kuʻuipo stayed here on Thursday. ʻaoʻao 8 o 14

9 PEPEKE ʻAIKE HE Practice translating the following sentences using the Pepepke ʻAike He structure and other lessons from our most previous episodes (spacial references, papani, pepeke painu). 1. The boy is a student. 2. She is a teacher. 3. Kawehi is a parent. 4. We are a group. 5. The three of them are kids. 6. The two of us(her and I) are girls. Practice using the Pepeke ʻAike He when referring to an amount of something. Some sentences also include lessons from previous episodes (papani, spacial reference, pepeke painu). 1. There are three dogs there. 2. There is one apple here. 3. There are seven birds in the tree. 4. There are sixteen cats in the house!! 5. There is no boy over there. 6. There are twenty of us here (you are talking to someone on the computer). PEPEKE ʻAIKE ʻO Practice translating the following sentences using the Pepepke ʻAike ʻO structure in relation to the days of the week/month and dates of the month. 1. What day is it? 2. What day of the week is it? 3. Today is the seventh. 4. Todays is the tenth of October. 5. The month is July. 6. This month is February. 7. That is the last Monday of November. ʻaoʻao 9 o 14

10 Practice translating the following sentences using the Pepepke ʻAike ʻO structure. ʻO is always in the beginning in the poʻo, followed with the words describing the thing being talked about. The piko follows the poʻo with the thing further being described 1. Kaimana is the name of the dog. 2. She is the teacher. 3. That kid is my son. 4. This is my homework. 5. That is the surfboard. 6. He is the students. 7. Leilani is the name of that person. 8. What is his name? 9. My name is Kawika. 10. This place is Kapālama. Translate the following possible conversation/ introduction: Hello, my name is (your name). : I am a (boy/girl). : My mother s name is (your mother s name). : My father s name is (your father s name). : They are my parents. : This is my family. : That is my house. : My birthday is (your birthday). : Thank you. : ʻaoʻao 10 o 14

11 PEPA HĀʻINA: ANSWER SHEET Nā Kaʻi KA me KE Write down the correct kaʻi ka or ke before each word and the English translation after each word. 1. ka : ka lā hānau: birthday 2. ka : Lāpule: Sunday 3. ka : ka lā: day/date 4. ka hoʻopēpē: to crush, to smash the taro 5. ka heʻe nalu: surf ʻŌlelo Pōkole Translate the following phrases. 1. There are no oranges here. ʻAʻohe ʻalani ma ʻaneʻi. 2. This month is Welo. ʻO Welo kēia malama. 3. What is that plant there? He aha kēnā mea kanu ma laila? 4. What is this night? ʻO wai kēia pō? REVIEW Nā Kaʻi & Pluralizing Practice translating the following sentences, and pluralizing them in Hawaiian. For example: This paper is white. Keʻokeʻo kēia pepa: Keʻokeʻo kēia mau pepa. 1. The house over here is big. Nui ka hale ma ʻaneʻi. : Nui nā hale ma ʻaneʻi. 2. This girl is very pretty. Nani loa kēia kaikamahine. : Nani loa kēia mau kaikamahine. 3. That dog over there is small. Liʻiliʻi kēlā ʻīlio ma ʻō. : Liʻiliʻi kēlā mau ʻīlio ma ʻō. 4. The kid is happy. Hauʻoli ke keiki. : Hauʻoli nā keiki. NĀ PAPANI Practice translating the following sentences into Hawaiian using the correct papani and māka painu. 1. The two of us (me and her) are going to go. E hele ana māua. 2. The three of them are singing. Ke hīmeni nei lākou. 3. All of us saw the girl. Ua ʻike kākou i ke kaikamahine. 4. You two are going to surf. E heʻe nalu ana ʻolua. 5. The two of them went to school. Ua hele lāua i ke kula. ʻaoʻao 11 o 14

12 PEPA HĀʻINA: ANSWER SHEET (hoʻomau ʻia : continued) Practice counting people with papani. With the context information below, fill in the appropriate response. Begin with the number and follow with the correct papani. You are in a room with 3 wāhine and 2 kāne (one being you). The other kāne is wearing blue, you are wearing green. 1 wahine is wearing blue and the other 2 wāhine are wearing green. 1. The kāne wearing blue asks you: How many people are wearing blue? YOUR RESPONSE: ʻelua ʻolua 2. One of the wāhine wearing green asks you: How many people are wearing green? YOUR RESPONSE: ʻekolu kākou 3. The kāne wearing blue asks you: How many kāne are in the room? YOUR RESPONSE: ʻelua kāua 4. One wahine asks you: How many kāne are in the room? YOUR RESPONSE: ʻelua māua REVEIW MA ʻANEʻI, MA ʻŌ, MA LAILA Practice identifying these three spacial references. Use ma ʻaneʻi, ma ʻō or ma laila when translating the following sentences. 1. The house over here is pretty.: Nani ka hale ma ʻaneʻi. 2. I m looking at the picture there.: Ke nānā nei au i ke kiʻi ma laila. 3. The girl is going to sing here.: E hīmeni ana ke kaikamahine ma ʻaneʻi. 4. Kawehi stayed here.: Ua noho ʻo Kawehi ma ʻaneʻi. Translate the following sentences using the proper kaʻi, māka painu, papani, and spacial markers. 1. We are all going to pound the taro over there. E kuʻi ana kākou i ke kalo ma ʻō. 2. Kawena surfed here on Saturday. Ua heʻe nalu ʻo Kawena ma ʻaneʻi ma ka Poʻaono. 3. The boy is going to the birthday party. Ke hele nei ke keiki kāne i ka pāʻina lā hānau. 4. Kuʻuipo stayed here on Thursday. Ua noho ʻo Kuʻuipo ma ʻaneʻi ma ka Poʻahā. ʻaoʻao 12 o 14

13 PEPA HĀʻINA: ANSWER SHEET (hoʻomau ʻia : continued) PEPEKE ʻAIKE HE Practice translating the following sentences using the Pepepke ʻAike He structure and other lessons fromour most previous episodes (spacial references, papani, pepeke painu). 1. The boy is a student. He haumāna ke keiki kāne. 2. She is a teacher. He kumu ʻo ia. 3. Kawehi is a parent. He makua ʻo Kawehi. 4. We are a group. He hui kākou. 5. The three of them are kids. He mau keiki lākou. 6. The two of us(her and I) are girls. He mau kaikamahine māua. Practice using the Pepeke ʻAike He when referring to an amount of something. Some sentences also include lessons from previous episodes (papani, spacial reference, pepeke painu). 1. There are three dogs there. He ʻekolu ʻīlio ma laila. 2. There is one apple here. He hoʻokahi ʻāpala ma ʻaneʻi. 3. There are seven birds in the tree. He ʻehiku manu ma ke kumu lāʻau. 4. There are sixteen cats in the house!! He ʻumikūmāono pōpoki ma ka hale!! 5. There is no boy over there. ʻAʻohe keiki kāne ma ʻō. 6. There are twenty of us here (you are talking to someone on the computer). He iwakālua mākou ma ʻaneʻi. PEPEKE ʻAIKE ʻO Practice translating the following sentences using the Pepepke ʻAike ʻO structure in relation to the days of the week/month and dates of the month. 1. What day is it? ʻO ka lā ʻehia kēia? 2. What day of the week is it? ʻO ka Poʻahia kēia? 3. Today is the seventh. ʻO ka lā ʻehiku kēia. 4. Todays is the tenth of October. ʻO ka lā ʻumi kēia o ʻOkakopa. 5. The month is July. ʻO Iulai ka mahina. 6. This month is February. ʻO Pepeluali kēia mahina. 7. That is the last Monday of November. ʻO kēlā ka Poʻakahi hope o Nowemapa. ʻaoʻao 13 o 14

14 PEPA HĀʻINA: ANSWER SHEET (hoʻomau ʻia : continued) Practice translating the following sentences using the Pepepke ʻAike ʻO structure. ʻO is always in the beginning in the poʻo, followed with the words describing the thing being talked about. The piko follows the poʻo with the thing further being described 1. Kaimana is the name of the dog. ʻO Kaimana ka inoa o ka ʻīlio. 2. She is the teacher. ʻO ia ke kumu. 3. That kid is my son. ʻO kēlā keiki kaʻu keiki kāne. 4. This is my homework. ʻO kēia kaʻu haʻawina. 5. That is the surfboard. ʻO kēlā ka papa heʻe nalu. 6. He is the students. ʻO ia ka haumāna. 7. Leilani is the name of that person. ʻO Leilani ka inoa o kēlā kanaka. 8. What is his name? ʻO wai kona inoa? 9. My name is Kawika. ʻO Kawika kona inoa. 10. This place is Kapālama. ʻO Kapālama kēia. Translate the following possible conversation/ introduction: Hello, my name is (your name). : Aloha, ʻo koʻu inoa. I am a (boy/girl). : He au. My mother s name is (your mother s name). : ʻO ka inoa o koʻu makuahine. My father s name is (your father s name). : ʻO ka inoa o koʻu makua kāne. They are my parents. : ʻO lāua koʻu mau mākua. This is my family. : ʻO kēia koʻu ʻohana. That is my house. : ʻO kēlā koʻu hale. My birthday is (your birthday). : ʻO ka lā _(date)_ o _(month)_ koʻu lā hānau. Thank you. : Mahalo. ʻaoʻao 14 o 14